Python 文件操作

# 打开文件
file = open('example.txt', 'r')

# 读取文件内容
content = file.read()  # 读取整个文件
line = file.readline()  # 读取一行
lines = file.readlines()  # 读取所有行到列表

# 写入文件
file.write('Hello, World!')
file.writelines(['line1\n', 'line2\n'])

# 关闭文件
file.close()

with open('example.txt', 'r') as file:
    content = file.read()
    # 文件会在 with 块结束时自动关闭

import os

# 获取当前工作目录
current_dir = os.getcwd()

# 路径拼接
file_path = os.path.join('folder', 'subfolder', 'file.txt')

# 检查文件是否存在
if os.path.exists(file_path):
    print('文件存在')

# 获取文件信息
file_size = os.path.getsize(file_path)

from pathlib import Path

# 创建路径对象
path = Path('folder/file.txt')

# 检查文件是否存在
if path.exists():
    print('文件存在')

# 读取文件
content = path.read_text()

# 使用 UTF-8 编码打开文件
with open('example.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
    content = file.read()

# 写入时指定编码
with open('example.txt', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as file:
    file.write('你好，世界！')

try:
    with open('example.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
        content = file.read()
except FileNotFoundError:
    print('文件不存在')
except IOError:
    print('文件读写错误')

with open('large_file.txt', 'r') as file:
    for line in file:
        print(line.strip())

def read_large_file(file_path):
    with open(file_path, 'r') as file:
        for line in file:
            yield line.strip()

# 使用生成器
for line in read_large_file('large_file.txt'):
    process_line(line)

import tempfile

# 创建临时文件
with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile() as temp_file:
    temp_file.write(b'Hello, World!')
    temp_file.flush()
    # 临时文件会在 with 块结束时自动删除

import zipfile

# 创建 ZIP 文件
with zipfile.ZipFile('archive.zip', 'w') as zipf:
    zipf.write('file1.txt')
    zipf.write('file2.txt')

# 解压 ZIP 文件
with zipfile.ZipFile('archive.zip', 'r') as zipf:
    zipf.extractall('extracted_files')

import time
from pathlib import Path

def watch_file(file_path):
    path = Path(file_path)
    last_modified = path.stat().st_mtime

    while True:
        time.sleep(1)
        current_modified = path.stat().st_mtime
        if current_modified != last_modified:
            print(f'文件 {file_path} 已被修改')
            last_modified = current_modified